The following are the functions, duties and powers of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan pursuant to Section 468 of the Local Government Code of 1991:

1. Approve ordinances and pass resolutions necessary for an efficient and effective provincial government and shall:
   • Review all ordinances approved by the sanggunians of component cities and municipalities and executive orders issued by the mayors of said component units to determine whether these are within the scope of the prescribed powers of the sanggunian and of the mayor;
   • Maintain peace and order by enacting measures to prevent and suppress lawlessness, disorder, riot, violence, rebellion or sedition and impose penalties for the violation of said ordinances;
   • Approve ordinances imposing imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year or a fine not exceeding Five Thousand Pesos (P5,000.00) or both imprisonment and fine at the discretion of the court, for violation of a provincial ordinance;
   • Adopt measures to protect the inhabitants of the province from the harmful effects of man-made or natural disasters and calamities, and to provide relief services and assistance for victims during and in the aftermath of said disasters and calamities and their return to productive livelihood following said events;
   • Enact ordinances intended to prevent, suppress and impose appropriate penalties for habitual drunkenness in public places, vagrancy, mendicancy, prostitution, establishment and maintenance of houses of ill repute, gambling and other prohibited games of chance, fraudulent devices and ways to obtain money or property, drug addition, maintenance of drug dens, drug pushing, juvenile delinquency, the printing, distribution or exhibition of obscene or pornographic materials or publications, and such other activities inimical to the welfare and morals of the inhabitants of the province;
   • Protect the environment and impose appropriate penalties for acts which endanger the environment, such as dynamite fishing and other forms of destructive fishing, illegal logging and smuggling of logs, smuggling of natural resources products and of endangered species of flora and fauna, slash and burn farming, and such other activities which result in pollution, acceleration of eutrophication of rivers and lakes, or of ecological imbalance;
   • Subject to the provisions of the Code and applicable laws, determine the powers and duties of officials and employees of the province;
   • Determine the positions and the salaries, wages, allowances and other emoluments and benefits of officials and employees paid wholly or mainly from provincial funds and provide for expenditures necessary for the proper conduct of programs, projects, services, and activities of the provincial government;
   • Authorize the payment of compensation to a qualified person not in the government service who fills up a temporary vacancy, or grant honorarium to any qualified official or employee designated to fill a temporary vacancy in a concurrent capacity, at the rate authorized by law;
   • Provide a mechanism and the appropriate funds therefore, to ensure the safety and protection of all provision government property, public documents, or records such as those relating to property inventory, land ownership, records of births, marriages, deaths, assessments, taxation, accounts, business permits, and such other records and documents of public interest in the offices and departments of the provincial government; and
   • When the finances of the provincial government allow, provide for additional allowances and other benefits to judges, prosecutors, public elementary and high school teachers, and other national government officials stationed or assigned to the province.


2. Generate and maximize the use of resources and revenues for the development plans, program objectives and priorities of the province as provided in Section 18 of the Code, with particular attention to agroindustrial development and country-wide growth and progress and relative thereto, shall:
   • Enact the annual and supplemental appropriations of the provincial government and appropriate funds for specific programs, projects, services and activities of the province, or for other purposes not contrary to law, in order to promote the general welfare of the province and its inhabitants;
   • Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Code and applicable laws and upon the majority vote of all the members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, enact ordinances levying taxes, fees and charges, prescribing the rate thereof for general and specific purposes, and granting tax exemptions, incentives or reliefs;
   • Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Code, upon a majority vote of all the members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, authorize the provincial governor to negotiate and contract loans and other forms of indebtedness;
   • Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Code and applicable laws and upon a majority vote of all the members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, enact ordinances authorizing the floating of bonds or other instruments of indebtedness, for the purpose of raising funds to finance development projects;
   • Appropriate funds for the construction and maintenance or the rental of buildings for the use of the province; and upon a majority vote of all the members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, authorize the Provincial Governor to lease to private parties such public buildings held in a proprietary capacity, subject to applicable laws, rules and regulations;
   • Prescribe reasonable limits and restraints on the use of property within the jurisdiction of the province;
   • Review the comprehensive land us plans and zoning ordinances of component cities and municipalities and adopt a comprehensive provincial land use plan, subject to applicable laws; and
   • Adopt measures to enhance the full implementation of the national agrarian reform program in coordination with the Department of Agrarian Reform.


3. Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Code, grant franchises, approve the issuance of permits or licenses, or enact ordinances levying taxes, fees and charges upon such conditions and for such purposes intended to promote the general welfare of the inhabitants of the province, and pursuant to this legislative authority, shall:
   • Fix and impose reasonable fees and charges for all services rendered by the Provincial Government to private persons or entities; and
   • Regulate and fix the license fees for such activities as provided under the Code.


4. Approve ordinances which shall ensure the efficient and effective delivery of the basic services and facilities as provided for under Section 17 of RA 7160 and, in addition to said services and facilities, shall:
   • Adopt measures and safeguards against pollution and for the preservation of the natural ecosystem in the province, in consonance with approved standards on human settlements and environmental sanitation;
   • Subject to applicable laws, facilitate or provide for the establishment and maintenance of a waterworks system or district waterworks for supplying water to inhabitants of component cities and municipalities;
   • Subject to the availability of funds and to existing laws, rules and regulations; provide for the establishment and operation of vocational and technical schools and similar post-secondary institutions; and, with the approval of the Department of Education and subject to existing laws on tuition fees, fix reasonable tuition fees and other school charges in educational institutions supported by the Pr ovincial Government;
   • Establish a scholarship fund for the poor but deserving students in schools located within its jurisdiction or for students residing within the province;
   • Approve measures and adopt quarantine regulations to prevent the introduction and spread of diseases within its territorial jurisdiction;
   • Provide for the care of paupers, the aged, the disabled, the sick, persons of unsound mind, abandoned minors, disabled persons, abused children, juvenile delinquents, drug dependents, and other needy and disadvantaged persons, particularly children and youth below eighteen (18) years of age; subject to availability of funds, establish and support the operation of centers and facilities for said needy and disadvantaged persons; and facilitate efforts to promote the welfare of families below the poverty threshold, the disadvantaged, and the exploited;
   • Establish and provide for the maintenance and improvement of jails and detention centers, institute a sound jail management program, and appropriate funds for the subsistence of detainees and convicted prisoners in the province;
   • Establish a provincial council whose purpose is the promotion of culture and the arts, coordinate with government agencies and non-governmental organizations and, subject to the availability of funds, appropriate funds for the support and development of the same; and
   • Establish a provincial council for the elderly which shall formulate policies and adopt measures mutually beneficial to the elderly and to the province; and subject to the availability of funds, appropriate funds to support programs and projects for the elderly; and provide incentives for NGOs to support the programs and projects of the elderly.


5. Exercise such other powers and perform such other duties and functions as may be prescribed by law or ordinance.